Functionally, there is no difference.
Table salt is at least 58% Cl by weight (>95% NaCl, w/w), evaporated sea water would be about 55%. However, there's no guarantee that the "aquarium" salt you buy is evaporated sea water. There's no regulation on what is contained in "aquarium" salt. As far as legalities in labelling go, it could very well be table salt that you're getting.
Table salt contains iod
ide, not iod
ine. The difference between the two is as significant as the difference between chlor
ide, as in salt, and chlor
ine, as in toxic gas. Use of the word "iodine" is often used as a scare tactic by "Aquarium" salt purveyors because people associate it with the antiseptic.
Please don't say "... iodine ... which in large doses can kill fish". Large doses of table salt, "aquarium" salt, cornstarch, you-name-it will kill fish, so by alluding to a potential danger, you only lend credence to the fear of iodine (which, of course, we all know isn't there anyway

).
Almost all table salt preparations contain anti-caking agents. All but one are completely harmless, and ferric prusside is very seldom used - partly due to concern over possible dissociation into cyanide, which has made it illegal in some countries. However, even table salt containing the cyano compound is not to be feared. If you do a search for "table salt" in either these or the General FW forums you'll find a thread where I did a scaling calculation on the amount of prusside in table salt, the amount added to our tanks, and the toxicity of cyanide (with some assumptions), and the net result was that you would need to exceed the recommended dose by about 100 times, if I recall correctly. In other words, you'd be pickling your fish by the time the prusside reached dangerous levels. Finally, ferric prusside dissociates into cyanide only in the presence of UV light. There is
very little UV light in most aquariums, especially since they tend to be placed away from direct sunlight and try getting a suntan from a fluo tube!
The active ingredient here is the chloride (again, notice the very important difference from chlorine!). Whether you source it from rock salt, water softener, ice melt (either NaCl or CaCl2), or "aquarium" salt you're getting the active ingredient.